- Mandela became increasingly aware of the unjust nature of South African Society
- had to resign from the ANC and work underground.
- 1960 Sharpeville massacre of 63 black South Africans
- Mandela had been arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in the notorious Robben Island prison.
Achievements
- able to finish his degree and qualified as a Lawyer.
- Mandela and several others were charged with treason. Conducting their own defence they eventually proved to be victorious
- opened the first Black Law firm in South Africa.
- was instrumental in pushing the ANC into more direct action such as the 1952 Defiance Campaign and later acts of sabotage
- Nelson Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prizejointly with F.W. De Klerk
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